There are two documentation systems recommended by The Chicago Manual of Style: the humanities system, which is used by scholars in the fields of literature, history, and the arts, and the author-date system, which is used by scholars in the physical, natural, and social sciences. The examples shown below are first cited according to the humanities system, and then in the author-date system.
Books:
Book with one author
Segal, Nancy L. Entwined Lives: Twins and What They Tell Us about Human Behavior. New York: Dutton, 1991.
Segal, Nancy L. 1991. Entwined lives: Twins and what they tell us about human behavior. New York: Dutton.
Book with two authors
Cohen, Carl, and Tom Regan. The Animal Rights Debate. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2001.
Cohen, Carl, and Tom Regan. 2001. The animal rights debate. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Book with an editor and a later edition
Baird, Robert M., and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, eds. The Ethics of Abortion: Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice. 3rd ed. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 2001.
Baird, Robert M., and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, eds. 2001. The ethics of abortion: Pro-life vs. pro-choice. 3rd ed. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books.
Electronic books or e-books:
Book with three or more authors
Hendriks, Jean H., Tony Kaplan, and Dora Black. When Father Kills Mother: Guiding Children through Trauma and Grief. London: Routledge, 2000. http://www.netlibrary.com (accessed June 22, 2006).
Hendriks, Jean H., Tony Kaplan, and Dora Black. 2000. When father kills mother: Guiding children through trauma and grief. London: Routledge. http://www.netlibrary.com (accessed June 22, 2006).
Encyclopedia articles:
Article in a well-known general encyclopedia
Do not list articles from a well-known encyclopedia in the bibliography. Instead, cite the article in notes preceded by s. v. (sub verbo, "under the word") or refer to it in the text, as shown below.
Encyclopedia Americana, 1999, s.v. "dreams."
"In his article on dreams in the 1999 edition of the Encyclopedia Americana, Calvin Hall noted that. . ."
Articles from popular series: Opposing Viewpoints or Taking Sides Books:
Valenti, Jack. "Violence in the Media Should Not Be Blamed for Youth Violence." In Violence: Opposing Viewpoints. Edited by Laura K. Egendorf. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2001.
Valenti, Jack. 2001. Violence in the media should not be blamed for youth violence. In Violence: Opposing viewpoints. Edited by Laura K. Egendorf. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press.
Magazine, journal, and newspaper article:
Magazine article
Cowley, Geoffrey. "Girls, Boys and Autism." Newsweek, September 8, 2003, 42-46.
Cowley, Geoffrey. 2003. Girls, boys and autism. Newsweek, September 8, 42-46.
Journal article
Boeckmann, Robert J., and Carolyn Turpin-Petrosino, "Understanding the Harm of Hate Crime." The Journal of Social Issues 58 (2001): 207-225.
Boeckmann, Robert J., and Carolyn Turpin-Petrosino. 2001. Understanding the harm of hate crime. The Journal of Social Issues 58, 207-225.
Newspaper article
In the humanities system, do not cite a news item in the bibliography.
In the author-date system, cite an article from a daily newspaper in the running text, as shown below:
An article in the Los Angeles Times, 19 January 2004, reported that ...
Reports from CQ Researcher:
Weeks, Jennifer. "Nuclear Energy." CQ Researcher 16, no. 10 (March 10, 2006): 217-240.
Weeks, Jennifer. 2006. Nuclear energy. CQ Researcher 16, no. 10 (March 10): 217-240.
Audiovisual:
Videorecording
Jackson, Mick. Tuesdays with Morrie. 89 min. Burbank, Calif.: Touchstone Home Video, 1999. Videocassette.
Jackson, Mick. 1999. Tuesdays with Morrie. 89 min. Burbank, Calif.: Touchstone Home Video. Videocassette.
Articles from online databases:
Magazine article from ProQuest
Wallis, Claudia. "What Makes Teens Tick." Time, May 10, 2004, 56-62, 65. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Wallis, Claudia. 2004. What makes teens tick. Time, May 10, 56-62, 65. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Scholarly journal article from ProQuest
Anderson, Kristin L. "Perpetrator or Victim? Relationships between Intimate Partner Violence and Well-Being." Journal of Marriage and Family 64, no. 4 (November 1, 2002): 851-863. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Anderson, Kristin L. 2002. Perpetrator or victim? Relationships between intimate partner violence and well-being. Journal of Marriage and Family 64, no. 4 (November 1): 851-863. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Scholarly journal article from Gale Health Reference Center-Academic
Terry, W. Scott, and Jennifer S. Burns. "Anxiety and Repression in Attention and Retention." The Journal of General Psychology 128, no. 4 (October, 2001): 422-432. http://web5.infotrac.galegroup.com (accessed April 2, 2004).
Terry, W. Scott, and Jennifer S. Burns. 2001. Anxiety and repression in attention and retention. The Journal of General Psychology 128, no. 4 (October): 422-432. http://web5.infotrac.galegroup.com (accessed April 2, 2004).
Newspaper article from ProQuest
Lindsley, Chris. "Putting Your Head in the Game: [Final Edition]." The Washington Post, January 26, 2001. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Lindsley, Chris. 2001. Putting your head in the game: [Final Edition]. The Washington Post, January 26. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Article from Gale Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center
Cisneros, Henry G. "Mental Illness Contributes to Homelessness." In The Homeless: Opposing Viewpoints. Edited by Jennifer A. Hurley. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 2002. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/OVRC (accessed March 19, 2004).
Cisneros, Henry G. 2002. Mental illness contributes to homelessness. In The Homeless: Opposing Viewpoints. Edited by Jennifer A. Hurley. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/OVRC (accessed March 19, 2004).
Article from CQ Researcher Online
Jost, Kenneth, and Melissa J. Hipolit. "Blog Explosion." CQ Researcher Online 16, no. 22 (June 9, 2006): 505-528. http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2006060900 (accessed June 27, 2006).
Jost, Kenneth, and Melissa J. Hipolit. 2006. Blog explosion. CQ Researcher Online 16, no. 22 (June 9, 2006): 505-528. http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2006060900 (accessed June 27, 2006).
Resources from government, private, or organizaion websites:
Publication from government website
National Institute of Mental Health. Depression. NIH Publication No. 02-3561. 2002. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/depression.cfm (accessed March 9, 2006).
National Institute of Mental Health. 2002. Depression. NIH Publication No. 02-3561. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/depression.cfm (accessed March 9, 2006).
Resource from PBS
Smith, Martin. "Medicating Kids." Directed by Marcela Gaviria. Produced by Marcela Gaviria and Martin Smith. Frontline. 53 min. Boston: WGBH Educational Foundation. Video recording. 2001. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/medicating/watch/ (accessed March 14, 2004).
Smith, Martin. 2001. Medicating kids. Directed by Marcela Gaviria. Produced by Marcela Gaviria and Martin Smith. Frontline. 53 min. Boston: WGBH Educational Foundation. Video recording. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/medicating/watch/ (accessed March 14, 2004).
For additional examples and guidelines, please consult the following:
- The Chicago Manual of Style. 14th ed. Call Number: ref PN 147 .C545 1993
- The Chicago Manual of Style 15th ed. website at http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/cmosfaq/tools.html
- The Library's website at http://lib.lbcc.edu has links to citation guides. Click on Websites > Citation Guides or Writing Tips.
